司各脱(1771～1832年)
Scott, Walter
受封为华特爵士（Sir Walter）
苏格兰作家，常被推崇为历史小说的创始者与最杰出的作者。从童年开始司各脱就熟知苏格兰边境区的故事。1786年在律师父亲身边当见习生。後来成为赛尔扣克的代理郡长和爱丁堡高等民事法庭的职员。他对边界叙事诗兴趣浓厚，收集整理出了《苏格兰边境歌谣集》（1802～1803）。第一部浪漫诗歌创作《最後行吟者之歌》（1805）使他名声远扬。《湖上夫人》（1810）是他的浪漫诗歌的最成功作品。他也编辑了德莱敦的作品集（18卷；1808）和斯威夫特（19卷；1814）作品集。因债务缠身，1813年起司各脱部分是为了挣钱而写作。他已厌烦叙事诗的形式，转向传奇故事散文。最受欢迎的《威弗利》小说系列包括描写苏格兰历史的二十多部作品，其中杰作有《扫墓老叟》（1816）《罗布.罗伊》（1817）以及《米得洛锡安之心》（1818）。他在《劫後英雄传》（1819）、《凯尼尔沃思》（1821）和《昆丁.杜华德》描述了英国历史及其他主题。直到1827年，他的小说一直是匿名出版。
English version：
1771～1832年
Scott, Walter
Scottish writer, often considered both the inventor and the greatest practitioner of the historical novel. From childhood Scott was familiar with stories of the Border region of Scotland. Apprenticed to his father, a lawyer, in 1786, he later became sheriff depute of Selkirk and clerk to the Court of Session in Edinburgh. His interest in border ballads led to the collection Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border (1802-3). His first original poetic romance, The Lay of the Last Minstrel (1805), established his reputation; The Lady of the Lake (1810) was his most successful contribution to the genre. He produced editions of the works of John Dryden (18 vols., 1808) and Jonathan Swift (19 vols., 1814). Troubled with debt, from 1813 he wrote in part to make money. He tired of narrative poetry and turned to prose romances. The extremely popular series now known as the Waverley novels consists of more than two dozen works dealing with Scottish history, including the masterpieces Old Mortality (1816), Rob Roy (1817), and The Heart of Midlothian (1818). He drew on English history and other themes for Ivanhoe (1819), Kenilworth (1821), and Quentin Durward (1823). All his novels were published anonymously until 1827.