皮亚杰(1896～1980年)
Piaget, Jean
瑞士心理学家。曾接受动物学和哲学教育，皮亚杰後来在苏黎世师从容格和布洛伊勒学习心理学（从1918年开始），从1929年到他去世一直在日内瓦大学任教。他提出了「发生知识论」（genetic epistemology）的理论，即儿童思维能力发展的自然时间表，其中他考察了四个阶段--感觉运动阶段（0～2岁）、前运算阶段（2～7岁）、具体运算阶段（7～12岁）和形式运算阶段（直到成年）--每个阶段的认知能力和运用符号的能力都不断增强。1955年皮亚杰在日内瓦建立了一所国际发生知识论中心，并任负责人一直到1980年。着有大量作品，包括《儿童的语言和思维》（1923）、《儿童的判断与推理》（1924）、《儿童智慧的起源》（1948），还有《儿童逻辑的早期成长》（1964）。他被认为是20世纪发展心理学的先驱。
English version：
1896～1980年
Piaget, Jean
Swiss psychologist. Trained in zoology and philosophy, Piaget later studied psychology in Zurich (from 1918) with Carl Gustav Jung and Eugen Bleuler, and was subsequently affiliated with the University of Geneva from 1929 until his death. He developed a theory of “genetic epistemology,” a natural timetable for the development of the child's ability to think in which he traced four stages—the sensorimotor (ages 0-2), preoperational or symbolic (2-7), concrete operational (7-12), and formal operational (through adulthood)—each marked by increased cognitive sophistication and ability to use symbols. In 1955 Piaget founded and became director (to 1980) of an international center for genetic epistemology in Geneva. His numerous books include The Language and Thought of the Child (1923), Judgment and Reasoning in the Child (1924), The Origin of Intelligence in Children (1948), and The Early Growth of Logic in the Child (1964). He is regarded as the foremost developmental psychologist of the 20th century.