席勒(1759～1805年)
Schiller, (Johann Christoph) Friedrich (von)
德国戏剧家、诗人和文学理论家，德国文学界最伟大的人物之一。他曾在一名飞扬跋扈的公爵指导下接受教育，後因无法忍受其专制，转而从事写作。他以第一部戏剧《强盗》（1781）而成功，并从此开始在作品中以对自由的探索作为主题。他的第一部重要的戏剧诗《唐.卡洛斯》（1787）将无韵诗建成了德国诗剧的媒介之一。他的《欢乐颂》後来被贝多芬用在了《第九交响曲》中。他在1789年被聘为耶拿大学历史学教授，发展了他的着名历史史诗剧《华伦斯坦》（1800）。在他建立自己的美学观念的时期，他写了很多哲学散文、精致的思考诗和他最优秀的民谣。他晚年健康状况下降，在威玛与好朋友歌德一起度过余生。他的成熟时期的戏剧包括《玛丽亚.斯图亚特》（1800）和《威廉.泰尔》（1804），探讨了使人战胜脆弱和物质生活压力的灵魂深处的自由问题。
English version：
1759～1805年
Schiller, (Johann Christoph) Friedrich (von)
German dramatist, poet, and literary theorist, one of greatest figures in his nation's literature. Schiller was educated at the direction of a domineering duke, whose tyranny he eventually fled to write. With his successful first play, The Robbers (1781), he took up the exploration of freedom, a central theme throughout his works. Don Carlos (1787), his first major poetic drama, helped establish blank verse as the recognized medium of German poetic drama. His jubilant “Ode to Joy” was later used in Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 9. Appointed professor of history at the University of Jena in 1789, he developed his epic masterpiece, the historical drama Wallenstein (1800). During a period spent formulating his views on aesthetic activity, he produced philosophical essays, exquisite reflective poems, and some of his most popular ballads. He spent his last years in ill health in Weimar, near his friend Johann W. von Goethe. His mature plays, including Maria Stuart (performed 1800) and Wilhelm Tell (1804), examine the inward freedom of the soul that enables the individual to rise above physical frailties and the pressure of material conditions.