格劳秀斯(1583～1645年)
Grotius, Hugo，原名Huigh de Groot。
荷兰法学家、人文主义者和诗人。出生於代尔夫特。十一岁时进入莱顿大学。青少年时随奥尔登巴内费尔特出使法国。他留在当地学习法律，并出版了一部政治书（1598）。後担任荷兰的史官，记述荷兰反西班牙的斗争。格劳秀斯逐渐卷入政治，他撰写保卫荷兰在荷属东印度公司的贸易权利，主张一切国家都拥有自由出入公海底权利。1607年任荷兰省检察长。1608年因资助奥尔登巴内费尔特被莫里斯亲王逮捕监禁。1621年越狱逃到巴黎（藏在书箱中）。十年後他返回荷兰，在国际上享有极高的威望。他的法学着作提出国家是由自然法所约束的理念。他的巨着《战争与和平法》，对战争处理的规定条例，是对现代国际法的最早的伟大贡献。他也出版了许多古典学术的翻译和着作。
English version：
1583～1645年
Grotius, Hugo
Dutch jurist, humanist, and poet. Born in Delft, he enrolled at Leiden University at 11, and as a teenager accompanied Johan van Oldenbarnevelt on a mission to France, where he remained to study law and publish a book on politics (1598). Appointed the official historiographer of Holland, he wrote the history of the Dutch revolt against Spain. Increasingly involved in politics, he wrote a defense of Dutch trading rights for the Dutch East India Co., and called for free access to the ocean for all nations. He became attorney general of Holland in 1607. Imprisoned in 1618 when his patron Oldenbarnevelt was executed by Prince Maurice, he escaped to Paris in 1621 (by hiding in a trunk of books) and returned ten years later, having achieved great international prestige. His legal works advance the idea that nations are bound by natural law; his masterpiece, De Jure Belli ac Pacis (1625; “On the Law of War and Peace”), one of the first great contributions to modern international law, prescribes rules for the conduct of war. He also published many translations and works of classical scholarship.