供水系统(water-supply system)
水的收集、输送、净化和贮存的设施。古代供水系统包括了井、蓄水池、运河、输水道和用水的分配系统。西元前2500年左右已经出现颇为先进的供水系统，而在古罗马城达到高峰。中世纪时由於人们严重地忽视水的供应问题，水中滋生的细菌所引起的流行病就经常发生。17及18世纪时伦敦及巴黎兴建用铸铁管、输水道和抽水机组成的供水系统。19世纪时绝大部分用水的污染程度变得极为严重，促使人们开始启用沙子滤水的设备。现代建造水库，一般选取山坡雨雪径流集水地点或横断河川的地方修筑堤坝。输送到集水地点的水一般需施加某种化学处理以改善水质，使之达到可以使用的程度。当水经过净化处理的淡水直接被抽吸到通往用户的管道系统，或者被送往位於高处的贮水地点如水池等。
English version：
water-supply system
Facilities for the collection, treatment, storage, and distribution of water. Ancient systems included wells, storage reservoirs, canals and aqueducts, and water-distribution systems. Highly advanced systems appeared c. 2500 BC and reached their peak in the Roman aqueduct system. In the Middle Ages, water supplies were largely neglected and epidemics caused by waterborne organisms were common. In the 17th-18th century, distribution systems utilizing cast-iron pipes, aqueducts, and pumps began to be installed. The link between polluted water and disease came to be understood in the 19th century, and treatment methods such as slow sand filtration and disinfection with chlorine were introduced. Modern reservoirs are formed usually by constructing dams near the collection point of mountain-water runoff or across rivers. After the water reaches collection points, it is treated to improve its quality; it is then pumped either directly into a city or town's distribution system or to an elevated storage location, such as a water tank. See also plumbing.