土鲁斯－罗特列克(1864～1901年)
Toulouse-Lautrec(-Monfa), Henri(-Marie-Ray-mond) de
法国画家及素描家。出生在一旧式贵族家庭。少时双腿两次在事故中骨折（1878、1879），留下永久的後遗症，使他行走困难。在长期的康复过程中，他开始对艺术产生兴趣，1881年下决心要成为一名艺术家；在接受指导之後，於1884年在巴黎蒙马尔特区成立了自己的画室，开始出入这里的咖啡馆，卡巴莱（cabaret），结交表演艺术家，他一生都保持着这种交往。他捕捉舞蹈演员、马戏演员以及其他表演艺术家的动态，并用简单的线条和并列的强烈色彩将它们表现出来，这种手法能产生一种充满活力的跳动感。他的平版画属於他最有影响力的作品，他所创让人难忘的海报使得这一流派的可能性得以体现。其作品常带有尖刻的讽刺，但同时他又很富同情心，这一点尤其体现在他对妓女的描绘中（比如《在沙龙里》〔1896〕）。他独特的风格为持续几十年的前卫派艺术开辟了道路。因为酗酒，去世时年仅三十六岁。
English version：
1864～1901年
Toulouse-Lautrec(-Monfa), Henri(-Marie-Ray-mond) de
French painter and graphic artist. Born to an old aristocratic family, he developed his interest in art during lengthy convalescence after both his legs were fractured in separate accidents (1878, 1879) that left them permanently stunted and made walking difficult. In 1881 he resolved to become an artist; after taking instruction, he established a studio in the Montmartre district of Paris in 1884 and began his lifelong association with the area's cafés, cabarets, entertainers, and artists. He captured the effect of the movement of dancers, circus performers, and other entertainers by simplifying outlines and juxtaposing intense colors; the result was an art throbbing with life and energy. His lithographs were among his most powerful works, and his memorable posters helped define the possibilities of the genre. His pieces are often sharply satirical, but he was also capable of great sympathy, seen most poignantly in his studies of prostitutes (e.g., At the Salon, 1896). His extraordinary style helped set the course of avant-garde art for decades to come. A heavy drinker, he died at 36.