广州_综合百科_百问中文

广州(Guangzhou)，亦拼作Kuang-chou。

英文称为Canton

中国城市，广东省的省会，人口数约为3,580,000人（1991）。广州位於珠江岸边，离海约80哩（130公里），它是中国南方的主要港口。广州在在西元前3世纪并入中华帝国，後来在明朝年间成为重要的城市。它是中国最早向外国人开放的海港，先有阿拉伯和印度的商人定期造访；到了16世纪，葡萄牙人也前来探访。英国人於17世纪抵达，接着是法国人和荷兰人。中国在广州禁绝英国的鸦片贸易引发了战争（1839～1842年）；西元1856～1861年间，广州被英国和法国所占领。在19世纪，国民党在广州倡导民族主义的观念。日本曾於1938～1945年占领广州；西元1949年，为中国共产党接管。广州的工业发展持续成长，并随着中国共产党重新与西方恢复联系，广州於1984年被指定为鼓励外商投资的经济特区之一。广州是中国最大的城市之一，它不断扩张的经济更造就其持续稳定的成长。

English version：

Guangzhou

City (pop., 1991 est.: 3,580,000), capital of Guangdong province, China. Located on the Zhu River about 80 mi (130 km) from the sea, it is southern China's chief port. Incorporated in the Chinese empire in the 3rd century BC, it later became an important city under the Ming dynasty. The first Chinese seaport opened to foreigners, it was regularly visited by Arab and Hindu traders, and in the 16th century, by the Portuguese. The English arrived in the late 17th century followed by the French and Dutch. Its resistance to the English opium trade led to war (1839-42), and it was occupied by the British and French in 1856-61. In the 19th century it was the seat of Nationalist ideas promoted by the Guomindang. Occupied by the Japanese 1938-45, it was taken by the Chinese communists in 1949. Its industrial growth expanded, and with Communist China's renewed ties to the West, it was designated as one of several economic investment areas for foreigners in 1984. One of China's largest cities, its expanding economy added to its continued growth.

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