柏格曼(1918年～)
Bergman, (Ernest) Ingmar
瑞典电影剧作家、导演。为路德派牧师之子，叛逆成性。在1945年获得机会自编自导拍摄了第一部电影《危机》之前，他在电影院里工作。之後藉由《夏夜的微笑》（1955）、《第七封印》（1956）、《野草莓》（1957）等片赢得国际声誉。他建立了一群演员班底，包括麦斯.冯.席铎、丽芙乌曼，并雇用摄影师尼奎斯特。影片通常以凄凉的描述呈现人类的孤寂感，极具震撼力，如《穿过黑暗的玻璃》（Through a Glass Darkly, 1961）、《假面》（Persona, 1966）、《哭泣与耳语》（Cries and Whispers, 1972）、《婚姻情景》（Scenes from a Marriage, 1973）和《秋光奏鸣曲》（Autumn Sonata, 1978）、《芬妮与亚历山大》（Fanny and Alexander, 1982）。後来还写了两部剧本《善意的背叛》（The Best Intentions, 1992）、《私密告解》（Private Confessions, 1996）。柏格曼仍继续导演舞台作品，通常在斯德哥尔摩的皇家剧院上演。
English version：
1918年～
Bergman, (Ernest) Ingmar
Swedish film writer-director. The rebellious son of a Lutheran pastor, he worked in the theater before directing his first film, Crisis (1945). He won a reputation as one of the world's great filmmakers with Smiles of a Summer Night (1955), The Seventh Seal (1956), and Wild Strawberries (1957). He assembled a group of actors, including Max von Sydow and Liv Ullmann, and a cinematographer, Sven Nykvist, with whom he made powerful films often marked by bleak depictions of human loneliness, including Through a Glass Darkly (1961), Persona (1966), Cries and Whispers (1972), Scenes from a Marriage (1973), Autumn Sonata (1978), and Fanny and Alexander (1982). He later wrote screenplays for The Best Intentions (1992) and Private Confessions (1996). Throughout his career Bergman has continued to direct stage productions, usually at Stockholm's Royal Dramatic Theater.