评价小儿体格发育情况,主要有三方面内容,即发育水平、发育速度和各项发育指标间的关系。为了做好儿童体格生长发育的评价,应对孩子定期进行体格检查。检查的内容主要有体重、身高、头围、胸围、皮下脂肪等。此外还可根据不同的目的,检查骨龄、肺活量、血压、脉搏等指标。将每次获得的数据进行登记保存,以便动态观察,并可与同龄儿童的“正常”标准进行比较。下表是我国7岁以下儿童体格发育调查资料,可对照比较。但近几年我国小儿的生长发育水平已有明显提高,故此表仅供参考。
正常小儿体格发育衡量表体重（kg）身长（cm）胸围（cm）头围（cm）月（年）龄男女男女男女男女初生1月～2月～3月～4月～5月～6月～8月～10月～12月～15月～18月～21月～2岁～2.5岁～3岁～3.5岁～4岁～4.5岁～5岁～5.5岁～6～7岁3.214.906.026.747.367.798.399.009.449.8710.3810.7011.4212.2413.1313.9514.7515.6116.4917.3918.3019.813.214.605.546.226.787.247.788.368.809.249.7810.3310.8711.6612.5513.4414.2615.2116.1216.7917.7219.0850.256.560.162.464.566.368.671.373.876.579.281.684.487.991.795.198.5102.1105.3108.6111.6116.249.655.658.861.163.164.867.069.772.375.177.980.483.186.690.394.297.3101.2104.5107.6110.8115.132.337.339.841.242.343.043.944.945.646.247.147.848.449.450.250.951.752.35353.854.655.832.236.538.740.141.141.942.943.744.445.145.946.747.348.249.149.850.651.252.052.453.254.133.937.839.640.842.042.843.945.045.746.346.847.447.848.248.849.149.649.850.150.450.650.933.537.138.639.840.941.842.843.844.545.245.846.246.747.247.748.148.548.949.249.449.650.0在评价小儿生长发育的指标中,体重和身高是两个最重要也是最基本的指标,但应该综合判断分析。如果采用体重身高、体重年龄、身高年龄三者结合进行评价则更为合理。
怎样评价小儿体格发育情况?
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