印度教(Hinduism)
世界最古老的主要宗教。它从古印度的吠陀教演变而来。尽管各种不同的兴都教派都有他们自己的经文，但他们都尊重古代的吠陀，那是在西元前1200年以後由雅利安入侵者带进印度的。富有哲理的吠陀书籍称为「奥义书」，书中钻研探求那些能让人类逃脱转世回圈的知识。印度教最根本的是相信最终现实的宇宙法则，叫做婆罗门以及它以各个人的灵魂（我）区分的表现。所有的生灵都要通过再生的回圈，或者叫轮回，这只能通过精神的自我实现来打断，然後就达到了解放，或者叫解脱。业的原理决定着再生回圈中的生存状态。最高的兴都神是梵、毗湿奴和湿婆。其他许多兴都的神大都被视为主神的化身或显灵，虽然其中有些是先雅利安时代传存下来的。经典神话学的主要来源是《摩诃婆罗多》（它包括最重要的印度教经文《薄伽梵歌》）、《罗摩衍那》和《往世书》。在印度教里，种姓制的等级社会结构是重要的，它得到法的原则的支援。印度教的主要分支为毗湿奴教和湿婆教，每一个还包含许多不同的分支。在20世纪里印度教已经与印度的民族主义混合而变成一个潜在的政治势力。
English version：
Hinduism
Oldest of the world's major religions. It evolved from the Vedic religion of ancient India. Though the various Hindu sects each rely on their own set of scriptures, they all revere the ancient Vedas, which were brought to India by Aryan invaders after 1200 BC. The philosophical Vedic texts called the Upanishads explored the search for knowledge that would allow mankind to escape the cycle of reincarnation. Fundamental to Hinduism is the belief in a cosmic principle of ultimate reality called Brahman, and its identity with the individual soul, or atman. All creatures go through a cycle of rebirth, or samsara, which can only be broken by spiritual self-realization, after which liberation, or moksha, is attained. The principle of karma determines a being's status within the cycle of rebirth. The greatest Hindu deities are Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. The numerous other Hindu gods are mostly viewed as incarnations or epiphanies of the main deities, though some are survivors of the pre-Aryan era. The major sources of classical mythology are the Mahabharata (which includes the Bhagavadgita, the most important religious text of Hinduism), the Ramayana, and the Puranas. The hierarchical social structure of the caste system is important in Hinduism; it is supported by the principle of dharma. The major branches of Hinduism are Vaishnavism and Shaivism, each of which includes many different sects. In the 20th century Hinduism has blended with Indian nationalism to become a potent political force.