史坦利(1841～1904年)
Stanley, Henry Morton
受封为亨利爵士（Sir Henry），原名John Rowlands。
英裔美籍的中非探险家。为私生子，成长过程有一部分是在英国的一间济贫院中，1859年以客舱服务员的身分，搭船来到美国。1867年成为《纽约前锋报》的新闻记者後，1871年开始了寻找李文斯顿的旅行，李文斯顿从1866年前往非洲後一直杳无音信。史坦利在坦干伊喀湖的乌吉吉地区找到了李文斯顿，史坦利说出了有名的一句话︰「阁下就是李文斯顿博士吧？」1874～1884年的延长期间中，他进一步地探险了中非，并服务於比利时国王利奥波德二世之下，为其铺路建成刚果自由邦。史坦利最後一次非洲探险（1888），是为了营救艾敏.帕夏，当时艾敏正被马赫迪派信徒叛乱分子困围在苏丹，史坦利护送艾敏和其他约1,500名人员到达东海岸。他极受欢迎的着作包括《穿过黑暗大陆》（1878）和《最黑暗的非洲》（1890）。
English version：
1841～1904年
Stanley, Henry Morton
British-U.S. explorer of central Africa. An illegitimate child, Stanley grew up partly in a British workhouse; he sailed to the U.S. as a cabin boy in 1859. After becoming a journalist for the New York Herald in 1867, he embarked (1871) on a journey to locate David Livingstone, of whom little had been heard since his departure for Africa in 1866. On finding him at Ujiji on Lake Tanganyika, Stanley uttered the famous words “Dr. Livingstone, I presume?” He further explored central Africa for extended periods between 1874 and 1884, often in the service of Leopold II of Belgium, for whom he paved the way for the creation of the Congo Free State. His last expedition (1888) was for the relief of Mehmed Emin Pasha, who had been cut off by the Mahdist revolt in the Sudan; he escorted Emin and 1,500 others to the eastern coast. His highly popular books included Through the Dark Continent (1878) and In Darkest Africa (1890).