摩城唱片公司(Motown)
美国首家由黑人经营的大音乐唱片公司，它是各种地区黑人流行乐的开山鼻祖，在1960年代造成极大的流行风潮。1959年由戈迪（Berry Gordy, Jr.）创立於底特律（Motown是「Motortown」的简写字，意指底特律的汽车工业）。第一次夺得全国冠军的热门单曲是「奇蹟」合唱团的〈到处逛街〉（1960）和「惊艳」合唱团的〈请等一等！邮差先生〉（1961）。後来加入的艺人包括「诱惑」合唱团、「四顶尖」合唱团、「至上合唱团」、盖（Marvin Gaye）和史提夫汪德等，这些人幕後有一些杰出的编词作曲家团队如霍兰－多济耶霍兰（Holland-Dozier-Holland）、阿什福德（N. Ashford）和辛普森（V. Simpson），他们共同创造了「摩城之声」，以抒情谣曲的形式合着具有渲染力的伴奏唱出其典型的特色。後来的摩城家族包括「艾斯礼兄弟」、「葛乐蒂与种子」，以及1969年加入的「杰克森五兄弟」（参阅Jackson, Michael (Joseph)）。进入1980年代後，摩城继续出产由新的艺人（如莱诺.李奇）录制的畅销唱片。1971年将总公司迁往洛杉矶，後来在1988年把公司卖给MCA公司。
English version：
Motown
First large black-owned music company in the U.S., the originator of a regional variant of black popular music that achieved enormous popularity in the 1960s. It was founded in Detroit in 1959 by the songwriter Berry Gordy, Jr. (born 1929). (Motown, a contraction of “Motortown,” refers to Detroit's automotive industry.) It scored its first nationwide hits with “Shop Around” (1960) by the Miracles (see S. Robinson) and “Please Mr. Postman” (1961) by the Marvelettes. Its roster soon included the Temptations, the Four Tops, the Supremes, Marvin Gaye, and S. Wonder, who, with the songwriting teams Holland-Dozier-Holland (see Brian and Eddie Holland) and Nick Ashford and Valerie Simpson, helped create the “Motown sound,” which typically featured lyrical ballads sung to an infectiously rhythmic accompaniment. Later Motown names included the Isley Brothers, Gladys Knight and the Pips, and, in 1969, the Jackson Five (see Michael Jackson). Motown continued to produce best-selling recordings by new artists such as Lionel Ritchie into the 1980s. Gordy moved the company headquarters to Los Angeles in 1971, and finally sold the label to MCA in 1988.