宾拉登(1957年～)
bin Laden, Osama
基础广泛的伊斯兰教极端主义运动领袖，该运动涉及对美国及其他西方国家发动多次恐怖主义攻击。出身沙乌地阿拉伯富裕家庭，1979年苏联入侵阿富汗後加入该国的伊斯兰教抵抗运动。回国後对波斯湾战争期间美国军队出现於沙乌地阿拉伯感到愤怒，1990年代早期组成意向相近的网状伊斯兰武装团体－－以盖达（阿拉伯文意为「基地」），发动一连串的恐怖攻击，包括1993年纽约市世界贸易中心、1998年肯亚和坦尚尼亚的美国大使馆和2000年叶门亚丁湾美国军舰「柯尔号」的爆炸案。2001年再度攻击纽约市世界贸易中心（并将之摧毁），同时攻击华盛顿特区的五角大厦，导致他受到全世界追捕。他被好几个国家驱逐出境，最後回到阿富汗，受到该国塔利班武装民兵保护。由於塔利班拒绝美国引渡宾拉登的要求，致使美国对塔利班采取军事行动，试图逮捕宾拉登并解散他的组织。
English version：
1957年～
bin Laden, Osama
leader of a broad-based Islamic extremist movement implicated in numerous acts of terrorism against the U.S. and other Western countries The son of a wealthy Saudi family, he joined the Muslim resistance in Afghanistan after the 1979 Soviet invasion of that country. Following his homecoming, he became enraged at the presence of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia during the Persian Gulf War and in the early 1990s formed a network of like-minded Islamic militants—known as al-Qa-idah (Arabic: “the Foundation”)—who allegedly launched a series of terrorist attacks. These acts included the bombings of the World Trade Center in New York City in 1993, the U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania in 1998, and the U.S. warship Cole in Aden, Yemen, in 2000. A second attack against the World Trade Center (which destroyed it) and a simultaneous attack against the Pentagon near Washington, D.C., in 2001 led to a worldwide manhunt for bin Laden. Having been expelled from several countries, he had eventually returned to Afghanistan, where he received protection from that country's Taliban militia, which refused U.S. demands for his extradition following the 2001 attacks. The U.S. subsequently launched a military campaign against the Taliban in an effort to apprehend bin Laden and dismantle his network.