费迪南德五世

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Ferdinand V

别名Ferdinand the Catholic

西班牙语作Fernando el Católico

卡斯提尔国王(称费迪南德五世,从1474年起与王后伊莎贝拉一世联合统治到1504年),亚拉冈国王(1479年起),西西里国王(1468~1516),以及那不勒斯国王(称费迪南德三世,1503~1516年)。亚拉冈国王约翰二世(1398~1479)之子。1469年与卡斯提尔公主伊莎贝拉结婚,为了压制两王国的贵族势力而与之斗争。作为把卡斯提尔现代化的一部分,他们下令取缔天主教以外的一切宗教,设立异端裁判所(1478),逐出犹太人(1492)。1492年征服了格拉纳达,从而支持哥伦布横渡大西洋寻找新大陆。他还把势力扩张到地中海地区和非洲。1503年征服那不勒斯後,西班牙在义大利战争期间,遭逢了欧洲最强大的国家法国。费迪南德藉着统一各王国为西班牙国家,开始把西班牙带入帝国扩张的现代时期。

1452~1516年

Ferdinand V

King of Castile from 1474 (joint sovereign with Queen Isabella I until 1504), king of Aragon (as Ferdinand II) from 1479, king of Sicily (as Ferdinand II, 1468-1516), and king of Naples (as Ferdinand III, 1503-16). The son of John II of Aragon (1398-1479), Ferdinand married Isabella of Castile in 1469, and fought to impose his authority over the nobles in the two kingdoms. As part of an effort to modernize Castile, they banned all religions other than Roman Catholicism, leading to the Spanish Inquisition (1478) and the expulsion of the Jews (1492). Conquest of Granada in 1492 made it possible to support Christopher Columbus's voyages to the New World. Ferdinand furthered his expansionary policies in the Mediterranean and in Africa. After the conquest of Naples in 1503, during the Italian Wars, Spain rivaled France as the most powerful state in Europe. By uniting the Spanish kingdoms into the nation of Spain, Ferdinand began Spain's entry into the modern period of imperial expansion.