马可尼(1874～1937年)
Marconi, Guglielmo
义大利物理学家和发明家。他在1894年开始研究无线电波。1896年，他来到英国，成功开发了一种无线电报。他对短波无线电通讯的贡献为现代无线电广播打下了基础。由他改进的天线极大地扩大了无线电信号的接收范围。在1899年，他在英吉利海峡建立起了无线电通讯，1900年建立起美国马可尼公司，1901年首次横跨大西洋发送信号。虽然他最着名的能使几家电台发送不同波长的信号而不互相干扰的第7777号专利最终被推翻，但他一生仍获专利无数。他晚年主要开发短波无线电通讯。马可尼在1909年同布劳恩（K. Ferdinand Braun，1850～1918）一起获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。他後被封为侯爵，并担任义大利参议员（1929），1930年被选为义大利皇家学院院长。
English version：
1874～1937年
Marconi, Guglielmo
Italian physicist and inventor. He began experimenting with radio waves in 1894. In 1896 he went to England, where he developed a successful system of radio telegraphy. His work on the development of shortwave wireless communication constitutes the basis of nearly all modern radio broadcasting. His improved aerials greatly extended the range of radio signaling. In 1899 he established communication across the English Channel. In 1900 he established the American Marconi Co. In 1901 he sent signals across the Atlantic for the first time. He acquired numerous patents, though probably his most famous one, No. 7777, for an apparatus that enabled several stations to operate on different wavelengths without interference, was later overturned. In his later years he worked on developing shortwave wireless communication. Marconi shared the 1909 Nobel Prize for Physics with K. Ferdinand Braun (1850-1918). He was made a marquis and nominated to the Italian senate (1929), and he was elected president of the Royal Italian Academy (1930).