纳博可夫(1899～1977年)
Nabokov, Vladimir (Vladimirovich)
俄罗斯出生的美国小说家和评论家。生於贵族家庭。1919年随家前往英国前曾出版两本诗集。原本以诗歌为主要创作形式，1925年以後改以小说为主要创作体裁。1919～1940年居於英国、德国和法国。他把1940年移居美国前的生活写成自传体小说《说吧！回忆》（1951）。1928年发表的《国王、王后与杰克》体现纳博可夫精雕细琢、讲究格局形式的艺术特色。纳博可夫作品的中心主题是以各种象徵手段表达艺术本身的问题。《斩首的邀请》（1938）充分显示了他的才华。他最优秀的俄文小说《才能》（1937～1938）依赖文学模仿，是一个转折点，热中於采用模仿後来成为他的主要的写作技巧。他的英文小说包括为他带来巨大财富和国际声誉畅销书《洛丽塔》（1955）、《苍白的火》（1962）和《艾达》（1969）。除小说诗歌外，还发表四卷普希金的《叶甫盖尼.奥涅金》的译作和论述。
English version：
1899～1977年
Nabokov, Vladimir (Vladimirovich)
Russian-U.S.-Swiss novelist and critic. Born to an aristocratic family, he had an English-speaking governess. He published two collections of verse before leaving Russia in 1919 for Cambridge Univ., but by 1925 had turned to prose as his main genre. During 1919-40 he lived in England, Germany, and France. His life before coming to the U.S. in 1940 is recalled in his superb autobiography, Speak, Memory (1951). Beginning with King, Queen, Knave (1928), his writing began to feature intricate stylistic devices. His novels are principally concerned with the problem of art itself, presented in various disguises, as in Invitation to a Beheading (1938); parody is frequent in The Gift (1937-38) and later works. His novels written in English include the notorious and greatly admired best-seller Lolita (1955), which brought him wealth and international fame; Pale Fire (1962); and Ada (1969). His critical works include a monumental translation of and commentary on Aleksandr Pushkin's Eugene Onegin (4 vols., 1964).