盖希文(1898～1937年)
Gershwin, George，原名Jacob Gershvin。
美国最重要、最受欢迎的作曲家之一。出身於俄国犹太移民家庭，约六岁时初次听到爵士乐现场演出。孩提时代就有机会接触艺术音乐的音乐会，1916年出版第一首曲子。1918年他的《斯万尼》由歌星乔尔森演出，赢得非凡的成功。《啊呀呀露西尔》（1919）是第一出完全由他完成的音乐剧。在怀特曼的委托下完成了他的口碑最好的作品之一《蓝色狂想曲》（1924）。盖希文的第一部成功的百老汇力作《女士，发点善心吧！》（1924），是他与其兄艾拉.盖希文通力合作的第一部作品。此後，他们成为百老汇戏剧史中主要的歌曲创作组合之一；合作的剧目还有《脚尖》（1925）、《哦，凯！》（1926）、《乐队奏起来》（1927；1930年修订本）、《滑稽面孔》（1927）、《疯狂的女孩》（1930）等。讽刺剧《我为你歌唱》（1931）是获得普立兹戏剧奖的第一部音乐剧。盖希文的歌曲亦用於多部电影。他最成功的大型作品是「民间歌剧」《波吉与贝丝》（1935），海沃德作歌剧剧本，并与艾拉.盖希文合写歌词。他的古典音乐作品包括了一首钢琴协奏曲（1925）、音诗《一个美国人在巴黎》（1928）。盖希文三十八岁因脑瘤病逝。
English version：
1898～1937年
Gershwin, George
U.S. composer. Born in East New York to Russian-Jewish immigrants, he heard jazz performed live from about age 6. He worked as a song plugger in his teens, and in 1914 he published his first song. In 1918 his “Swanee,” performed by A. Jolson, achieved extraordinary success. His first complete score was La, La Lucille (1919). Paul Whiteman commissioned from him the hugely successful orchestral work Rhapsody in Blue (1924). Gershwin's first major Broadway success, Lady, Be Good! (1924), was a collaboration with his brother Ira Gershwin. They soon established themselves as one of the great teams in Broadway history; their shows included Tip-Toes (1925), Oh, Kay! (1926), Strike Up the Band (1927), Funny Face (1927), Girl Crazy (1930), and the satire Of Thee I Sing (1931), the first musical to win a Pulitzer Prize. He also scored several successful films. His most ambitious work was the “folk opera” Porgy and Bess (1935), a collaboration with Ira and DuBose Heyward. His classical compositions include a piano concerto (1925) and the tone poem An American in Paris (1928). Gershwin died at 38 of a brain tumor.